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Áö³­ 2ÀϺÎÅÍ ³×´ú¶õµå ÇìÀ̱׿¡¼­ °³¸·ÇØ 7ÀϱîÁö ¿­¸®´Â 23Â÷ ICC ´ç»ç±¹ ÃÑȸ ±â°£ ÁßÀÎ 4ÀÏ ¡®±¹Á¦Çü»çÀçÆǼÒ(ICC)¿Í ±¹Á¦»ç¹ýÀçÆǼÒ(ICJ)¿¡¼­ ºÏÇÑÀÇ À뱂 À¯¸° Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¹°À» »õ·Î¿î ±âȸ ¸ð»ö¡¯À» ÁÖÁ¦·Î ÇÑ È¸ÀÇ°¡ ¿­·È½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ È¸ÀÇ´Â ¹Ì±¹ ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇÁøÈïÀç´Ü(NED)ÀÇ ÈÄ¿øÀ¸·Î Çѱ¹ Á¤ºÎ¿Í ³×´ú¶õµå¿¡ º»ºÎ¸¦ µÐ ±¹Á¦¹ý·ü´Üü ±Û·Î¹ú ¶óÀÌÃ÷ ÄÄÇöóÀ̾ð½º(GRC), Çѱ¹ÀÇ Àüȯ±âÁ¤ÀÇ¿öÅ·±×·ì(TJWG)ÀÌ °øµ¿ ÁÖÃÖÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

À̵éÀº º¸µµÀÚ·á¿¡¼­ À̹ø Çà»ç´Â ºÏÇÑÀÇ ÀÜȤÇàÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¹¯±â À§ÇÑ »õ·Î¿î °æ·Î¸¦ ¸ð»öÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¸¶·ÃµÆ´Ù°í ¼Ò°³Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

¡°10³â° ºÏÇÑ ICC ȸºÎ ¸øÇØ¡±

À̵éÀº ¡°Áö³­ 2014³â À¯¿£ ºÏÇÑÀαÇÁ¶»çÀ§¿øȸ(COI)´Â ºÏÇÑ¿¡¼­ ¹ÝÀεµ ¹üÁË°¡ ÀÚÇàµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í °á·ÐÀ» ³»¸®°í À¯¿£ ¾ÈÀüº¸ÀåÀÌ»çȸ¿¡ ºÏÇÑÀ» ICC¿¡ ȸºÎÇÒ °ÍÀ» ±Ç°íÇß°í, COIÀÇ Á¶»ç °á°ú¿Í ±Ç°í»çÇ×Àº À¯¿£ ÀαÇÀÌ»çȸ¿Í ÃÑȸ¿¡¼­µµ ½ÂÀεƴ١±¸é¼­ ¡°±×·¯³ª Áö³­ 10³â°£ Áß±¹°ú ·¯½Ã¾ÆÀÇ °ÅºÎ±Ç Çà»ç·Î ¾Èº¸¸®´Â ºÏÇÑ »óȲÀ» ICC¿¡ ȸºÎÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù¡±°í ÁöÀûÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ¾î ¡°¾Èº¸¸® ȸºÎ°¡ ¾î·Á¿î »óȲÀÌÁö¸¸, ÃÖ±Ù ICC°¡ °üÇÒ±ÇÀ» Çà»çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±¹°¡ ȸºÎ°¡ Áõ°¡Çϸ鼭 ºÏÇÑÀÌ ÀúÁö¸¥ ±¹Á¦ ¹üÁË¿¡ ´ëÇØ 124°³ ·Î¸¶±ÔÁ¤ ´ç»ç±¹ Áß ÇÑ °÷ ÀÌ»óÀÌ (ºÏÇÑÀ») ȸºÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â Èñ¸ÁÀÌ Ä¿Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù¡±¸é¼­ ¡°ºÏÇÑÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ´ç»ç±¹ÀÇ ¿µÅä¿¡¼­ ÀúÁö¸¥ Ãß¹æ, ¹ÚÇØ, ±âŸ ºñÀεµÀû ÇàÀ§´Â (ICC) ȸºÎ ´ë»óÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ´Â °ËÂûÀÇ ¿¹ºñ Á¶»ç °³½Ã·Î À̾îÁú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¡±°í ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

ÃÖ±Ù ICC°¡ ƯÁ¤ ±¹°¡¿¡¼­ ¹ß»ýÇÑ ¹üÁË¿¡ ´ëÇØ Á¶»ç¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ´Ù¸¥ ±¹°¡µéÀÌ ICC¿¡ »ç°ÇÀ» Á¦ÃâÇϰųª, ÇØ´ç ±¹°¡°¡ ICCÀÇ °üÇÒ±ÇÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î »ç°ÇÀ» ȸºÎÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇØ ºÏÇÑÀÇ ¹ÝÀεµ ¹üÁË¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­µµ ICC°¡ Á¶»çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±âȸ°¡ ´Ã¾ú´Ù´Â ¶æÀ¸·Î Ç®À̵˴ϴÙ.

[º¸µµÀÚ·á] ¡°While a Security Council referral appears unlikely, a recent spike in state referrals where the ICC can exercise jurisdiction raises hope for possible state referrals from one or more of the 124 States Parties to the Rome Statute, for the international crimes perpetrated by North Korea. North Korea¡¯s deportation, persecution and other inhumane acts committed partly on the territory of other States Parties may be eligible for state referrals, leading to the opening of preliminary examination by the Prosecutor.

À̵éÀº ¶Ç ¡°À¯¿£ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä »ç¹ý ±â°üÀÎ ±¹Á¦»ç¹ýÀçÆǼÒ(ICJ)´Â Áý´ÜÇлìÁËÀÇ ¹æÁö¿Í ó¹ú¿¡ °üÇÑ Çù¾à(Á¦³ë»çÀ̵å Çù¾à)°ú °í¹®¹æÁöÇù¾à, ±âŸ À뱂 Á¶¾àÀ» À§¹ÝÇÑ ÇøÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿©·¯ »ç°ÇÀ» ½É¸®ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù¡±¸é¼­ ¡°¿©±â¿¡´Â Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ ÇÇÇØÀÚ°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ´ç»ç±¹ÀÌ Á¦±âÇÑ »ç°Çµéµµ Æ÷ÇԵȴ١±°í ÁöÀûÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

¡°Á¦³ë»çÀ̵å Çù¾à À§¹Ý ÇøÀÇ·Î Á¦¼ÒÇÒ ¼öµµ¡±

ƯÈ÷ ºÏÇÑÀº 1989³â Á¦³ë»çÀ̵å Çù¾à¿¡ °¡ÀÔÇÑ ´ç»ç±¹À¸·Î¼­ Áß±¹¿¡¼­ °­Á¦ ¼ÛȯµÈ ¿©¼ºµéÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÑ °­Á¦ ³«ÅÂ¿Í ¿µ¾Æ »ìÇØ, ±âµ¶±³Àΰú ´Ù¸¥ Á¾±³ Áý´Ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÜȤÇÑ ¹ÚÇØ µîÀ» ¹úÀÌ°í Àִٸ鼭 ´Ù¸¥ ´ç»ç±¹ÀÌ ºÏÇÑÀ» Á¦³ë»çÀ̵å Çù¾à À§¹Ý ÇøÀÇ·Î Á¦¼ÒÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹àÇû½À´Ï´Ù.

[º¸µµÀÚ·á] ¡°In a parallel legal development, the ICJ, the UN¡¯s principal judicial organ, is hearing a series of cases alleging violations of the Genocide Convention, the Torture Convention and other human rights treaties, including those instituted by States Parties that are not the direct victims of the alleged violations. These cases raise the interesting prospect of States Parties to the Genocide Convention instituting proceedings against the DPRK for its possible violation of the Genocide Convention, to which it acceded to in 1989 without reservations—especially in the context of the brutal persecution of Christians and other religious groups, and the forced abortion and infanticide against mothers repatriated from China and their children based on gender and racial grounds.¡±

½ÅÈñ¼® Àüȯ±âÁ¤ÀÇ¿öÅ·±×·ì ¹ý·ü ºÐ¼®°üÀº À̳¯ ¹ßÇ¥¿¡¼­ ºÏÇѱºÀÌ ·¯½Ã¾Æ Á¡·É Áö¿ªÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ±¹Á¦¹ý»ó ¿ìÅ©¶óÀ̳ª ¿µÅä¿¡¼­ ÀüÀï ¹üÁ˸¦ ÀúÁö¸¦ °æ¿ì, ICC´Â ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇØ °üÇÒ±ÇÀ» Çà»çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

¶Ç ÇØ¿Ü ÆÄ°ß ºÏÇÑ ³ëµ¿Àڵ鿡 ´ëÇÑ ³ë¿¹È­¿Í °í¹®, ±¸±Ý µîÀÇ ¹ÝÀεµ ¹üÁ˵µ ICCÀÇ °üÇÒ±Ç ¾È¿¡ Àִٸ鼭 ICC ¼ö»ç ½ÇÇöÀ» À§ÇØ ¿ìÅ©¶óÀ̳ª¿Í Çù·ÂÇØ ºÏÇÑ ±ºÀΰú ³ëµ¿ÀÚµéÀÇ ±Í¼øÀ» À¯µµÇÏ´Â Á¤º¸ À¯ÀÔ°ú ÇÔ²² ±Í¼øÀÚ¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÑ Áõ°Å ¼öÁýÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

À̳¯ Çà»ç¿¡¼­´Â Áö³­ 2016³â 9¿ù Å»ºÏÇÑ ÀÌöÀº(°¡¸í) ¾¾°¡ º¸À§ºÎ¿øÀ¸·Î ±Ù¹«Çϸ鼭 ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¸ñ°ÝÇß´ø ÀÎ±Ç Ä§ÇØ ½ÇŸ¦ Áõ¾ðÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ ¾¾´Â ¡°µµ º¸À§±¹ ±¸±Ý¼Ò¿¡¼­ (ÁËÀο¡ ´ëÇÑ) ¿¹½É °úÁ¤ Áß Á¤Ä¡¹ü¿¡ ÇØ´çµÈ´Ù°í ÆÇ´ÜµÇ¸é °ü¸®¼Ò·Î º¸³»´Âµ¥, ÀÌ´Â ±× »ç¶÷À» Á×ÀÌÁöµµ ¾Ê°í »ì¾Æ¼­ Æò»ý °­Á¦ ³ë¿ªÀ» ÇÏ¸ç »ýÁö¿ÁÀ» ¸Àº¸°Ô Çϴ ó¹ú¡±À̶ó¸ç ¡°°ü¸®¼Ò ¾È¿¡¼­ °íÅë ¼Ó¿¡ Á×µµ·Ï ¸¸µé°Ú´Ù´Â Àǹ̡±¶ó°í ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ¾î ¡°Àå±â°£ ±¸±ÝµÈ »óÅ¿¡¼­ °í¹® ´çÇÏ´Ù Á×´õ¶óµµ °¡Á·µéÀº ±×¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇظíÀ» ¿ä±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°í, ÀçÆÇ ¶ÇÇÑ À¯¸í¹«½ÇÇÏ´Ù¡±¸é¼­ ¡°ÀÌ·± Çö½ÇÀ» µÎ°í ³ª¿Â Àú´Â ºÏÇÑ ¹Ù±ù¿¡¼­ (±¹Á¦»çȸ°¡) ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¾ø´ÂÁö ÀÌ ÀÚ¸®¿¡¼­ ¿©·¯ºÐ²² ¹¯°í ½Í´Ù¡±°í ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

Áö³­´Þ 20ÀÏ À¯¿£ÃÑȸ Á¦3À§¿øȸ°¡ äÅÃÇÑ ºÏÇÑÀαǰáÀǾȿ¡µµ ¾Èº¸¸®°¡ ºÏÇÑÀ뱂 »óȲÀ» ICC ¿¡ ȸºÎÇϵµ·Ï µ¶·ÁÇÏ´Â Á¶Ç×ÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵƽÀ´Ï´Ù.

ÇÏÁö¸¸ ºÏÇÑÀº À̳¯ ȸÀÇ¿¡¼­ ÀÌ °áÀǾÈÀ» ¡°´ÜÈ£È÷ ¹è°ÝÇÑ´Ù¡±¸ç ¹Ý¹ßÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

±è¼º À¯¿£ÁÖÀç ºÏÇÑ´ë»ç´Â ¡°¹Ì±¹ÀÇ »çÁÖ¿¡ µû¶ó ¸Å³â À¯·´¿¬ÇÕÀÌ »óÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ¹ÝºÏ À뱂 °áÀÇ¾È ÃʾÈÀº Á¶ÀÛ°ú °ÅÁþÀ¸·Î °¡µæ Â÷ ÀÖ¾î ½ÉÀÇÇÒ °¡Ä¡°¡ ÀüÇô ¾ø´Â ÇãÀ§ ¹®¼­¡±¶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

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